NanoPro<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n\n\nYo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f S\u00fct\u00fcn Tarihi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n Beyaz Rusya’n\u0131n\u00a0Rahachow\u00a0kentindeki yerel bir s\u00fct i\u015fleme fabrikas\u0131nda\u00a0konserve\u00a0yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f s\u00fct an\u0131t\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Marco Polo’nun yaz\u0131lar\u0131na g\u00f6re , on \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc y\u00fczy\u0131lda Tatarlar s\u00fct\u00fc yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 ba\u015fard\u0131lar. Marco Polo, her bir adam taraf\u0131ndan on pound (4,5 kg) s\u00fct ezmesinin ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve daha sonra \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc suyla kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131raca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildirdi. Bununla birlikte, bu muhtemelen seyreltilerek bir i\u00e7ecek ( ayran ) haline getirilebilen yumu\u015fak Tatar peynirine ( katyk ) at\u0131fta bulunur ve bu nedenle taze de\u011fil fermente edilmi\u015f s\u00fct konsantresine at\u0131fta bulunur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nicolas Appert yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f s\u00fct\u00fc 1820’de Fransa’da ve Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri’nde Gail Borden Jr. , 1853’te s\u00fct\u00fc birka\u00e7 saatten fazla saklamadaki zorluklara tepki olarak. Bu geli\u015fmeden \u00f6nce, s\u00fct sadece k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre taze tutulabiliyordu ve sadece emziren bir ine\u011fin yak\u0131n \u00e7evresinde mevcuttu . 1851’de \u0130ngiltere’ye yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir geziden d\u00f6nerken Borden, g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015fe g\u00f6re gemideki ineklerden elde edilen fakir s\u00fctten birka\u00e7 \u00e7ocu\u011fun \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcyle harap oldu. Okulla\u015fma ve bir dizi ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakilerden bir y\u0131ldan az bir ile, kendine ait ve di\u011ferlerinin hem Borden esinlenerek kayd\u0131rmak vakum o taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131l\u0131yor g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Shakers yo\u011funla\u015fma i\u00e7in meyve suyu kavurucu veya olmayan s\u00fct azaltmak ve y\u00f6netilen donduran o . O zaman bile ilk iki fabrikas\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z oldu ve sadece yeni orta\u011f\u0131 Jeremiah Milbank ile Wassaic, New York’ta in\u015fa edilen \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc fabrika , uzun \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc ve so\u011futma gerektirmeyen kullan\u0131labilir bir s\u00fct t\u00fcrevi \u00fcretti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
S\u00fct \u00fcretiminin gelece\u011fi i\u00e7in muhtemelen e\u015fit derecede \u00f6nemli olan, Borden’\u0131n kendisine \u00e7i\u011f s\u00fct satmak isteyen \u00e7ift\u00e7iler i\u00e7in gereksinimleri (“Mand\u0131ran\u0131n On Emri”) idi: sa\u011f\u0131mdan \u00f6nce ineklerin memelerini y\u0131kamalar\u0131, ah\u0131rlar\u0131 temiz tutmalar\u0131 ve ha\u015flanmalar\u0131 gerekiyordu. ve s\u00fczge\u00e7lerini sabah ak\u015fam kurutun. 1858’de, Eagle Brand olarak sat\u0131lan Borden s\u00fct\u00fc, safl\u0131k, dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131k ve ekonomi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bir \u00fcn kazand\u0131. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
1864 y\u0131l\u0131nda, Gail Borden’\u0131n New York Yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f S\u00fct \u015eirketi , New York Brewster’da New York S\u00fct Yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 in\u015fa etti . Bu, zaman\u0131n\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck ve en geli\u015fmi\u015f s\u00fct fabrikas\u0131yd\u0131 ve Borden’in ticari olarak ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 ilk fabrikas\u0131yd\u0131. 200’den fazla s\u00fct \u00e7ift\u00e7isi, Amerikan \u0130\u00e7 Sava\u015f\u0131 nedeniyle artan talep nedeniyle Brewster fabrikas\u0131na g\u00fcnde 20.000 galon (76.000 litre) s\u00fct tedarik etti .<\/p>\n\n\n\n
ABD h\u00fck\u00fcmeti bir \u015fekilde konsantre s\u00fct b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarda sipari\u015f alan rasyon sava\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda Birlik askerleri i\u00e7in. Bu, on dokuzuncu y\u00fczy\u0131l i\u00e7in ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc bir tarla tay\u0131n\u0131yd\u0131: tipik bir 10 oz (300 ml) 1.300 kalori (5440 kJ), 1 oz (28 g) protein ve ya\u011f ve 7 oz’dan (200 g) fazla i\u00e7erebilir. ) karbonhidrat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Sava\u015ftan eve d\u00f6nen askerler k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede haberi yayd\u0131 ve 1860’lar\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f s\u00fct \u00f6nemli bir \u00fcr\u00fcnd\u00fc. \u0130lk Kanada yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 1871’de Nova Scotia , Truro’da in\u015fa edildi. 1899’da EB Stuart, Kent, Washington’da ilk Pacific Coast Condensed Milk Company (daha sonra Karanfil S\u00fct \u00dcr\u00fcnleri \u015eirketi olarak bilinir) fabrikas\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7t\u0131 . Yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f s\u00fct pazar\u0131, \u00e7ok fazla \u00fcreticinin \u00e7ok az talebi takip etmesiyle bir balona d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. 1911’de Nestl\u00e9 , Avustralya, Victoria, Dennington’da d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f s\u00fct fabrikas\u0131n\u0131 kurdu . 1912’ye gelindi\u011finde, yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f s\u00fct stoklar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcksek olmas\u0131 fiyatlar\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fmesine neden oldu ve bir\u00e7ok yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 kapand\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1914 y\u0131l\u0131nda, Purdue \u00dcniversitesi’nin s\u00fct \u00fcr\u00fcnleri b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ba\u015fkan\u0131 Otto F. Hunziker , kendi yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f S\u00fct ve S\u00fct Tozu: S\u00fct Kondansat\u00f6rleri, S\u00fct \u00dcr\u00fcnleri \u00d6\u011frencileri ve Saf G\u0131da B\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinin Kullan\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in Haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r . Bu metin, Hunziker ve American Dairy Science Association ile ilgili di\u011ferlerinin ek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131yla birlikte, Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri’nde ve uluslararas\u0131 alanda yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131rma operasyonlar\u0131n\u0131 standartla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131 ve geli\u015ftirdi. Hunziker’in kitab\u0131, Ekim 2007’de Cartwright Press taraf\u0131ndan yedinci bask\u0131da yeniden yay\u0131nland\u0131. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 \u00f6ncelikle nedeniyle depolama ve ta\u015f\u0131ma faydalar\u0131, ilgi ve pazar\u0131n\u0131, yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f s\u00fct rejenere. ABD’de kondenserler taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6denen \u00e7i\u011f s\u00fct\u00fcn y\u00fcksek fiyat\u0131 peynir end\u00fcstrisi i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli sorunlar yaratt\u0131 . <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f S\u00fct\u00fcn \u00dcretimi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n \u00c7i\u011f s\u00fct berrakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r ve istenen ya\u011f\/ya\u011fs\u0131z kat\u0131 (SNF) oran\u0131na standardize edilir ve daha sonra birka\u00e7 saniye 85-90 \u00b0C’ye (185\u2013194 \u00b0F) \u0131s\u0131t\u0131l\u0131r. Bu \u0131s\u0131tma i\u015flemi baz\u0131 mikroorganizmalar\u0131 yok eder, ya\u011f ayr\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 azalt\u0131r ve oksidasyonu engeller. Baz\u0131 su [ QuantifyOneR ] edilir buharla\u015ft\u0131nld\u0131 s\u00fctten ve \u015feker 09:11 (yakla\u015f\u0131k yar\u0131s\u0131) oran\u0131 (buharla\u015ft\u0131nld\u0131) s\u00fct ula\u015f\u0131lana kadar \u015feker ilave edildi. \u015eeker, tatland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f s\u00fct\u00fcn raf \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc uzat\u0131r. S\u00fckroz, s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n ozmotik bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131 artt\u0131r\u0131r , bu da mikroorganizma b\u00fcy\u00fcmesini engeller. Tatland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f buharla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f s\u00fct so\u011futulur ve laktoz kristalizasyonu ind\u00fcklenir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
![\"Yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f](\"https:\/\/foodsconsultancy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/images-3.jpg\")
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